Health on the Net Foundation


The Health on the Net Foundation Code of Conduct (HONcode) for medical and health websites addresses one of the main issue of the Internet: the reliability and credibility of medical and health information.

The Internet has become one of the most widely used communication media. With the availability of web server software, it is simple to set up a website and publish any kind of data which is then accessible to the Internet world. The problem is therefore no longer to find the information but to assess the credibility of the publisher, as well as the relevance and accuracy of a document retrieved from the Net. In many cases, the website provides no appropriate documentation regarding the scientific design of a medical study, nor are studies made available that support given claims. The Code of Conduct for medical and health websites (HONcode) has been elaborated by the Health On the Net Foundation to help unify and standardise the reliability of medical and health information available on the worldwide web.

The HONcode does not intend to rate the quality or the information provided by a website. It only defines a set of rules designed to make sure the reader always knows the source and the purpose of the data he or she is reading.

The first version of the Code of Conduct (HONcode) was published on the web in July 1996 in response to concerns expressed by members of the Net community, individuals, medical and health professionals, regarding the difficulty to determine the reliability of data on the web. Specific concern was the validity of research data, the quality of medical advice provided on certain web sites, as well as the lack of scientific references associated to claims related to treatments available commercially. Webmasters and/or information providers do not always include all necessary and useful information (source of document, contact information, date of the last update, funding details, type of the organisation, ...). These omissions are in most cases free of malicious intent and often due to misinformation. All this information is necessary to define the context and gives the user an idea of the information available on the site. Discussion with these webmasters and/or information providers showed that they were seeking guidelines for content presentation, and were willing to improve their site by following some basic rules.

The Health On the Net Foundation initiated the Code of Conduct (HONcode) for the medical and health domains. The HONcode provides guidelines to information providers, with the aim, of raising the quality of data available on the Net and, of helping to identify Internet sites that are maintained by qualified people and contain reliable data.

The HONcode includes eight principles that comprise the following ethical aspects:

  1. the author's credentials
  2. the date of the last modification with respect to clinical documents
  3. confidentiality of data
  4. source data reference
  5. funding and advertising policy.

HON Code of Conduct (HONCode) for Medical and Health websites

  1. Any medical/health advice provided and hosted on this site will only be given by medically/health&shyp;trained and qualified professionals unless a clear statement is made that a piece of advice offered is from a non-medically/health qualified individual/organisation.
  2. The information provided on this site is designed to support, not replace, the relationship that exists between a patient/site visitor and his/her existing physician.
  3. Confidentiality of data relating to individual patients and visitors to a medical/health website, including their identity, is respected by this website. The website owners undertake to honour or exceed the legal requirements of medical/health information privacy that apply in the country and state where the website and mirror sites are located.
  4. Where appropriate, information contained on this site will be supported by clear references to source data and, where possible, have specific HTML links to that data. The date when a clinical page was last modified will be clearly displayed (e.g. at the bottom of the page).
  5. Any claims relating to the benefits/performance of a specific treatment, commercial product or service will be supported by appropriate, balanced evidence in the manner outlined above in Principle 4.
  6. The designers of this website will seek to provide information in the clearest possible manner and provide contact addresses for visitors that seek further information or support. The Webmaster will display his/her email address clearly throughout the website.
  7. Support for this website will be clearly identified, including the identities of commercial and non-commercial organisations that have contributed funding, services or material for the site.
  8. If advertising is a source of funding it will be clearly stated. A brief description of the advertising policy adopted by the website owners will be displayed on the site. Advertising and other promotional material will be presented to viewers in a manner and context that facilitates differentiation between it and the original material created by the institution operating the site.

For more information see: http://www.hon.ch